Get Nebula using my link for 40% off an annual subscription: https://go.nebula.tv/realscience Watch Becoming Human, exclusive on Nebula: https://nebula.tv/videos/realscience-how-humans-started-speaking/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/realscience Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/stephaniesammann Special Thanks to Aarhus University Tom Mustill. Check out his book "How to Speak Whale" Images Courtesy of Getty Images Credits: Narrator/Writer: Stephanie Sammann Writer: Lorraine Boissoneault Editor: Leany Muñoz Editor: Dylan Hennessy (https://www.behance.net/dylanhennessy1) Illustrator: Jacek Ambrożewski Illustrator/Animator: Kirtan Patel (https://kpatart.com/illustrations) Animator: Mike Ridolfi (https://www.moboxgraphics.com/) Sound: Graham Haerther (https://haerther.net) Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster (https://twitter.com/forgottentowel) Producer: Brian McManus (https://www.youtube.com/c/realengineering) References: REFERENCES [1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004222006642 [2] Tom Mustill, How to Speak Whale: A Voyage Into the Future of Animal Communication (2022) [3] https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/gpt-3/ [4] https://www.audaciousproject.org/grantees/project-ceti [5] https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/an-introduction-to-animal-communication-23648715/ [6] https://academic.oup.com/cz/article/58/5/741/1798757 [7] https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.202135 [8] https://www.nature.com/articles/srep39419 [9] https://nature.berkeley.edu/eliaslab/Publications/EliasEtAl_2010a.pdf [10] https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.150372 [11] http://www.thespermwhaleproject.org [12] https://towardsdatascience.com/understanding-neural-machine-translation-encoder-decoder-architecture-80f205643ba4 [13] https://engineering.fb.com/2018/08/31/ai-research/unsupervised-machine-translation-a-novel-approach-to-provide-fast-accurate-translations-for-more-languages/ [14] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6B8Fg2kZrxA [15] https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.08614.pdf [16] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303380437_Sperm_whale_codas_may_encode_individuality_as_well_as_clan_identity [17] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-48909-4 [18] https://www.science.org/content/article/ocean-heat-waves-pacific-s-deadly-blob-could-become-new-normal [19] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-57280-3 [20] https://wwfwhales.org/resources/2021-wwf-report-shipping-cetaceans